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香港假天花空間之風管設計準則。 Ducting design inside HK plenums.

香港住宅之假天花淨空常僅有 250 至 350 mm,需於有限空間內同時容納風管、冷媒管、消防噴淋管、電纜以及抽濕機本身 — 風管設計實為一場毫米級之取捨工程。 HK residential plenums are commonly 250–350 mm clear. Add ductwork, refrigerant pipes, sprinkler runs, cabling, and the dehumidifier itself, and ducting design becomes a millimetre-by-millimetre trade-off.

DBA-UTC120 ducted ceiling dehumidifier

何謂外靜壓?

每部天花式抽濕機均設有「外靜壓上限值」(External Static Pressure, ESP),意指其風機所能克服之風管系統總阻力。一旦超出此上限,風量將顯著下降,連帶影響除濕效能。DBA 各機型之 ESP 數值如下:

香港住宅採用 UTC 系列之項目,大多僅需配置 1 至 2 個送風口,鮮少觸及 ESP 上限。惟會所、酒店大堂等採用 GEC V 或商用 GEC 系列、鋪設 4 至 6 個送風口之項目,則必須進行嚴謹之靜壓計算。

香港常用之風管材質

各元件之靜壓損失值

總靜壓之計算方式為將所有元件之損失值累計:

設計時應以「濾網積塵狀態」之數值進行計算,而非以全新濾網之數值為依據,否則機組於安裝 6 個月後,風量將出現明顯衰減。

香港假天花空間之實際處理方案

常見之設計策略如下:

DBA-UTC68 側面回風配置
UTC68 採用側面回風配合側面送風之配置,適用於香港常見之狹長型假天花空間。

風管直徑之選定

原則上須維持風速於 4 m/s 以下。香港住宅常用之風管尺寸建議如下:

機型額定風量最小直徑
UTC20220 CMH150 mm
UTC68 / GEC50V500 CMH200 mm
UTC120 / GEC70V890 CMH250 mm
GEC145LD-HP1,200 CMH300 mm

風管保溫之必要性

香港夏季假天花空間之溫度可達 30 至 35°C,而風管內送風之溫度約為 18 至 22°C。若未進行保溫處理,風管外壁將凝結水珠,長期下來可能浸壞鄰近之木材或石膏板結構。所有送風段風管均須進行保溫處理;香港業界最常採用預先附保溫層之鋁箔軟管,其內含 25 mm 厚之玻璃棉保溫材。

70 至 90% 設計原則

設計時應使總靜壓計算結果落於機型 ESP 之 70% 至 90% 區間。若低於 70%,代表機型容量未獲充分利用;若超過 90%,則未為濾網老化預留足夠之餘量空間。

What is external static pressure?

Every ceiling dehumidifier has a maximum external static pressure (ESP) — the fan's tolerance for duct resistance. Exceed it and airflow falls, capacity falls. DBA's ESP ratings:

Most HK residential UTC installs only run one or two grilles, so ESP is rarely an issue. Clubhouse and hotel lobby projects using GEC V or commercial GEC with 4–6 grilles need real calculation.

Common duct types in HK

Pressure losses per element

Total static = sum of all losses:

Always design with the dirty filter number, not the clean one — otherwise airflow noticeably drops six months after install.

HK plenum strategies

DBA-UTC68 with side return outlet
The UTC68's side-return / side-supply configuration suits HK's narrow plenum geometries.

Duct sizing

Keep velocity under 4 m/s. Typical HK residential sizes:

UnitAirflowMin diameter
UTC20220 CMH150 mm
UTC68 / GEC50V500 CMH200 mm
UTC120 / GEC70V890 CMH250 mm
GEC145LD-HP1,200 CMH300 mm

Insulation

HK summer plenums hit 30–35°C; supply air is 18–22°C. Without insulation the duct skin condenses, eventually staining adjacent timber or plasterboard. All supply ducts must be insulated; the standard HK choice is pre-insulated foil flex with a 25 mm glass-wool core.

The 70–90% rule

Aim for total static between 70% and 90% of the unit's ESP. Under 70% means oversized fan capacity. Over 90% leaves no margin for filter loading.

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需要風管系統設計支援?Need a duct design done?

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